The United States embassy in Zambia has issued a security alert to its citizens regarding the country’s new cyber-security legislation.
The law mandates widespread interception and monitoring of digital communications across Zambia, including emails, calls, texts, and streamed content.
According to the US embassy, the new Cyber Security Act authorizes surveillance to assess communications for the transmission of “critical information.”
The embassy noted the term is defined so broad that it could potentially apply to almost any type of online or digital interaction.
It advised Americans living in or planning to visit Zambia to “carefully assess the implications of this law and adjust accordingly.”
Zambian Authorities Defend Law Amid Rising Local Concerns
Zambia’s government has defended the legislation. It says the law aims to combat cybercrime, child exploitation, and online disinformation.
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs emphasized that the law does not authorize random or mass surveillance and assured that data interception would only occur under a court-issued warrant.
The foreign ministry further clarified that “critical information” refers strictly to national security matters and that all assessments will follow due legal process. However, critics argue that the law’s vague language and extensive powers could be used to target dissent and suppress free expression.
Also read: Zimbabwe Wants IMEI Data, Citizens Fear Surveillance
The legislation, signed into law by President Hakainde Hichilema on 8 April, permits law enforcement officers with warrants to search and seize electronic systems used in suspected cybercrimes. The law also empowers the government to extradite suspects and introduces prison sentences of 5 to 15 years depending on the offense.
Concerns intensified following reports that a cyber-security unit will be established within the Zambian president’s office. Critics view this move as a step towards centralized digital control.
The law imposes obligations on ICT companies to proactively intercept communications. The signing of the legislation occurred quietly, with many Zambians learning of it only after the US embassy’s Facebook alert was published.
The enactment of the new cyber law raises critical questions about the balance between national security and civil liberties in Zambia. The debate is expected to intensify ahead of the country’s elections scheduled for next year.
About Author
